Exercise holds even more heart health benefits for people with stress-
related conditions
Study underscores the brain's role in deriving cardiovascular benefits
from physical activity

Date:
March 24, 2022
Source:
American College of Cardiology
Summary:
Regular physical activity had nearly doubled the cardiovascular
benefit in individuals with depression or anxiety, compared with
individuals without these diagnoses, according to a new study.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Regular physical activity had nearly doubled the cardiovascular benefit
in individuals with depression or anxiety, compared with individuals
without these diagnoses, according to a study presented at the American
College of Cardiology's 71st Annual Scientific Session.


==========================================================================
The research findings add to mounting evidence that exercise improves cardiovascular health by helping to activate parts of the brain that
counteract stress. Overall, the study found that people who achieved the recommended amount of physical activity per week were 17% less likely
to suffer a major adverse cardiovascular event than those who exercised
less. These benefits were significantly greater in those with anxiety
or depression, who had a 22% risk reduction vs. a 10% risk reduction in
those without either condition.

"The effect of physical activity on the brain's stress response may
be particularly relevant in those with stress-related psychiatric
conditions," said Hadil Zureigat, MD, postdoctoral clinical research
fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital and the study's lead
author. "This is not to suggest that exercise is only effective in those
with depression or anxiety, but we found that these patients seem to
derive a greater cardiovascular benefit from physical activity." Rates of
both depression and anxiety have risen during the COVID-19 pandemic,
and heart disease remains the leading cause of death in the U.S. The
study findings underscore the important role of exercise in maintaining
heart health and reducing stress, according to the researchers.

For the study, researchers analyzed health records of more than 50,000
patients in the Massachusetts General Brigham Biobank database. Just over
4,000 of the patients had suffered a major adverse cardiovascular event,
which included experiencing a heart attack, having chest pain caused by
a blocked artery or undergoing a procedure to open a blocked artery in
the heart.

Researchers first assessed the rates of major coronary events among
patients who reported in a questionnaire that they exercise at least 500 metabolic equivalent (MET) minutes per week -- aligning with the ACC and American Heart Association primary prevention guideline recommendation
of at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week --
with those who exercise less. MET- minutes are a unit of exercise that represents the amount of energy expended during various activities. The analysis revealed that people who got at least 500 MET-minutes or more
per week were 17% less likely to suffer an adverse cardiovascular event.

They then analyzed how this pattern played out among patients who had
a diagnosis of depression or anxiety compared with those who did not
have depression or anxiety. This second analysis revealed that patients
with depression derived more than double the benefit from exercise in
terms of reduced cardiovascular risk compared with people who did not
have depression. A similar benefit of exercise was found for patients
with anxiety.

The research expands upon previous studies by the research team that used
brain imaging to determine how exercise improves cardiovascular health
by helping to keep the brain's stress response in check. Individuals
with depression or anxiety have higher stress-related neural activity
and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

"When one thinks about physical activity decreasing cardiovascular risk,
one doesn't usually think of the brain," Zureigat said. "Our research emphasizes the importance of the stress-related neural mechanisms by
which physical activity acts to reduce cardiovascular risk." Even though
the study used 500 MET-minutes as a cutoff for the analysis, researchers
noted that previous studies show people can reduce their heart disease
risk even if they do not achieve the recommended amount of physical
activity. Even a little bit of regular physical activity can make a
difference in terms of cardiovascular risk.

"Any amount of exercise is helpful, particularly for those with
depression or anxiety," Zureigat said. "Not only will physical activity
help them feel better, but they will also potently reduce their risk
of cardiovascular disease. It can be hard to make the transition, but
once achieved, physical activity allows those with these common chronic stress-related psychiatric conditions to hit two birds with one stone." Zureigat will present the study, "Cardiovascular Benefit of Exercise is
Greater in Those with Anxiety and Depression," on Saturday, April 2, at
10:00 a.m. ET / 14:00 UTC in Prevention and Health Promotion Moderated
Poster Theater 4, Hall C.


========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by American_College_of_Cardiology. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


==========================================================================


Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/03/220324104415.htm

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