Evidence links e-cigarette use with increased odds of prediabetes
New study challenges the promotion by some of e-cigarettes as a 'safer' smoking alternative, especially for current cigarette smokers

Date:
March 3, 2022
Source:
Elsevier
Summary:
An analysis of data from a large, nationally representative survey
of the US population shows that e-cigarette use is associated with
increased odds of prediabetes. The findings add important evidence
about the health effects of e-cigarettes and can help shape public
health best practices.



FULL STORY ==========================================================================
An analysis of data from a large, nationally representative survey of the
US population shows that e-cigarette use is associated with increased
odds of prediabetes. The findings, which are reported in the American
Journal of Preventive Medicine, published by Elsevier, add important
evidence about the health effects of e-cigarettes and can help shape
public health best practices.


==========================================================================
"Our study demonstrated a clear association of prediabetes risk with
the use of e-cigarettes," explained lead investigator Shyam Biswal,
PhD, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. "With both
e-cigarette use and prevalence of prediabetes dramatically on the rise
in the past decade, our discovery that e- cigarettes carry a similar
risk to traditional cigarettes with respect to diabetes is important for understanding and treating vulnerable individuals." According to the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), traditional cigarette
smokers are 30% to 40% more likely than non-smokers to develop type 2
diabetes, which increases their risk for cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerotic disorders, stroke, and peripheral vascular diseases. E- cigarettes are sometimes promoted as a risk reduction product for current traditional cigarette smokers. The use of e-cigarettes is rising among
younger population, which remains a public health concern.

To determine the association between e-cigarette use and prediabetes,
the investigators analyzed 2016-2018 data from the Behavioral Risk
Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). It is the largest annual nationally representative health survey of US adults with data on health outcomes, health-related risk behaviors, preventive services, and chronic
medical conditions. Among the 600,046 respondents, 9%, more than 66,000 individuals, were current e-cigarette users who self-reported prediabetes diagnoses. The data also showed that e- cigarette users have a higher prevalence of high-risk lifestyle factors and worse self-related mental
and physical health status than non-smokers.

Survey respondents were 50.4% female, 67.7% non-Hispanic White, 12.2%
non- Hispanic Black, 5% Hispanic, and 28.6% were age 35 or older. In this representative sample of US adults, e-cigarette use was associated with
greater odds of prediabetes compared to those who did not use e-cigarettes
or traditional cigarettes.

The association of e-cigarettes with prediabetes heightens significant
concerns for public health officials. "We were surprised by the
findings associating prediabetes with e-cigarettes because they are
touted as a safer alternative, which we now know is not the case,"
commented Dr. Biswal. "In the case of cigarette smoking, nicotine has a detrimental effect on insulin action, and it appears that e-cigarettes may
also have the same effect." Prediabetes is reversible with lifestyle management. Based on these findings, the authors make a compelling recommendation for targeting the reduction in e- cigarette use and
education of young adults as a therapeutic lifestyle management strategy
for the reduction of diabetes risk.

"Our effort for smoking cessation has led to a decrease in smoking
traditional cigarettes. With this information, it is time for us to ramp
up our public health efforts to promote the cessation of e-cigarettes," cautioned Dr. Biswal.

Prediabetes is defined as the presence of impaired fasting glucose
(greater than 100-125 mg/dL), impaired glucose tolerance (greater
than 140-199 mg/dL two hours after a 75-g oral intake of glucose),
or hemoglobin A1c between 5.7&- 6.4%), which indicate an intermediate
glycemic state between normal glycemia and diabetes. The CDC has
reported that prediabetes has become increasingly common in the past few decades, and recent estimates indicate that 38% of American adults have
this condition. It is also on the rise among an increasingly younger population. Projections estimate that by 2030, more than 470 million
people worldwide will be diagnosed with prediabetes.

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by Elsevier. Note: Content may be edited
for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Zhenyu Zhang, Zhihua Jiao, Michael J. Blaha, Albert Osei,
Venkataramana
Sidhaye, Jr Murugappan Ramanathan, Shyam Biswal. The Association
Between E-Cigarette Use and Prediabetes: Results From the Behavioral
Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2016-2018. American Journal of
Preventive Medicine, 2022; DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.12.009 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/03/220303095636.htm

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