Mental illness associated with increased death from cardiovascular
disease
Date:
April 19, 2022
Source:
PLOS
Summary:
Compared to the general population, people with severe
mental illness, including schizophrenia, have higher levels of
cardiovascular-related mortality, and that association has become
stronger over recent decades, according to a new study.
FULL STORY ========================================================================== Compared to the general population, people with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, have higher levels of cardiovascular-related mortality, and that association has become stronger over recent decades, according to a new study publishing April 19 in PLOS Medicineby Amanda
Lambert of the University of Birmingham, UK, and colleagues.
========================================================================== Previous research has identified higher incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease in people with severe mental illness, but it was
not known whether that association has changed over time. The new study involved a systemic review and meta-analysis of 108 previous studies
including over 30 million participants in high-income countries, all
aged 16 to 65 years of age at onset of psychiatric disorder.
The study found that, overall, the cardiovascular-related mortality
rate for people with severe mental illness is about twice that of
the general population (SMR 1.96, 95% CI: 1.61-2.39, p<0.001 for schizophrenia). People with schizophrenia are at greater risk than those
with bipolar disorder, but the disparity exists across all types of severe mental illness and both cerebrovascular and cardiac mortality. For people
with schizophrenia, the pooled hazard ratio/rate ratio for coronary heart disease was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.44-2.24, p<0.001) compared to controls and the pooled standardized mortality ratio for cerebrovascular accidents was
1.93 (95% CI: 1.63-2.28, p<0.001). For both schizophrenia and bipolar
disorder, the association with cardiovascular- related mortality grew
stronger between the 1970s and the 2000s. For instance, the hazard
ratio/rate ratio for mortality from coronary heart disease in people
with schizophrenia in the 1990s compared with the 1980s was 1.61 (95%
CI: 1.14- 2.28, p=0.014).
It was not possible to explore all possible confounders, such as smoking
and obesity, and there was also considerable heterogeneity between
the studies included in the meta-analysis. More research is needed to understand the reasons for the higher morbidity risk and to assess why
it may have been worsening in recent decades.
"The increased relative risk of CVD diagnosis in more recent decades
may be a result of disparity in smoking prevalence between people with
SMI and the general population or increased use of antipsychotics. The
changes since the 1990s approximately coincide with the release of newer, second-generation antipsychotics which are known to have worse metabolic effects," the authors say.
Lambert adds, "Our systematic review and meta-analysis of over 100
studies has confirmed a strong association between severe mental illness
and cardiovascular disease which became stronger in the 1990s and 2000s."
========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by PLOS. Note: Content may be edited
for style and length.
========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Amanda M Lambert, Helen M Parretti, Emma Pearce, Malcolm J Price,
Mark
Riley, Ronan Ryan, Natalie Tyldesley-Marshall, Tuba Saygın
Avşar, Gemma Matthewman, Alexandra Lee, Khaled Ahmed,
Maria Lisa Odland, Christoph U. Correll, Marco Solmi, Tom
Marshall. Temporal trends in associations between severe mental
illness and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review
and meta-analysis. PLOS Medicine, 2022; 19 (4): e1003960 DOI:
10.1371/journal.pmed.1003960 ==========================================================================
Link to news story:
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/04/220419140732.htm
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